System and Network Management

System Commands

• systeminfo - Display System Details

  • Use Case: Retrieve OS version, system architecture, hardware details, and installed updates.
  • Example: systeminfo

• tasklist - List Running Processes

  • Use Case: View all active processes along with their Process ID (PID).
  • Example: tasklist

• taskkill /F /IM processname.exe - Terminate a Process

  • Use Case: Forcefully close a running application.
  • Example: taskkill /F /IM notepad.exe
  • Flags:
    • /F - Force termination of the process.
    • /IM processname.exe - Specify the process name to terminate.
    • /PID 1234 - Terminate a process by its Process ID instead of its name.

• chkdsk C: /f /r - Check and Repair Disk Errors

  • Use Case: Scan the drive for file system errors and bad sectors.
  • Example: chkdsk C: /f /r
  • Flags:
    • /f - Fix detected file system errors.
    • /r - Locate bad sectors and attempt data recovery.
    • /x - Force the drive to dismount before checking.

• sfc /scannow - Scan and Repair System Files

  • Use Case: Fix corrupted or missing Windows system files.
  • Example: sfc /scannow

• gpupdate /force - Force Group Policy Update

  • Use Case: Immediately apply new Group Policy settings.
  • Example: gpupdate /force
  • Flags:
    • /force - Reapplies all Group Policy settings, even if unchanged.

• gpupdate /sync - Synchronize Group Policy

  • Use Case: Ensure policy settings are fully synchronized.
  • Example: gpupdate /sync

• shutdown /r /t 0 - Restart the Computer Immediately

  • Use Case: Restart or shut down the system.
  • Example: shutdown /r /t 0
  • Flags:
    • /s - Shut down instead of restarting.
    • /r - Restart the system.
    • /t 60 - Set a delay of 60 seconds before action.

• eventvwr - Open Event Viewer

  • Use Case: Analyze system logs for troubleshooting errors and warnings.
  • Example: eventvwr

Network Commands

• ping google.com - Test Network Connectivity

  • Use Case: Check network connection by sending packets to a remote server.
  • Example: ping google.com
  • Flags:
    • -t - Continuous ping until manually stopped (ping -t google.com).
    • -n 5 - Send a specific number of packets (ping -n 5 google.com).
    • -l 1024 - Set packet size in bytes (ping -l 1024 google.com).

• ipconfig /all - Display Detailed Network Configuration

  • Use Case: View all IP addresses, MAC addresses, and DHCP details.
  • Example: ipconfig /all
  • Flags:
    • /release - Release the current IP address lease.
    • /renew - Renew the IP address lease.

• ipconfig /flushdns - Clear DNS Cache

  • Use Case: Remove outdated DNS records to resolve connectivity issues.
  • Example: ipconfig /flushdns

• netsh wlan show interfaces - Display Wireless Adapter Info

  • Use Case: Get details about active Wi-Fi adapters.
  • Example: netsh wlan show interfaces

• getmac /v - Show MAC Addresses of Network Adapters

  • Use Case: Identify the MAC addresses for all active network interfaces.
  • Example: getmac /v

• netstat -an - Show Active Network Connections

  • Use Case: View open network connections and listening ports.
  • Example: netstat -an
  • Flags:
    • -a - Display all active connections.
    • -n - Show IP addresses instead of resolving hostnames.
    • -o - Display Process IDs associated with each connection.

• arp -a - Display ARP Table

  • Use Case: View resolved MAC addresses for known IPs.
  • Example: arp -a

• nslookup google.com - Query DNS Records

  • Use Case: Get the IP address associated with a domain.
  • Example: nslookup google.com
  • Flags:
    • -debug - Display detailed output for troubleshooting.
    • -timeout=10 - Set a timeout of 10 seconds for response.

• nslookup -querytype=MX google.com - Look Up Mail Exchange (MX) Records

  • Use Case: Identify mail servers for a domain.
  • Example: nslookup -querytype=MX google.com

• tracert google.com - Trace Network Route

  • Use Case: Identify the path packets take to reach a destination.
  • Example: tracert google.com
  • Flags:
    • -d - Do not resolve IPs to hostnames (faster results).
    • -h 30 - Set a maximum of 30 hops.

• route print - Display the Routing Table

  • Use Case: View all network routes configured on the system.
  • Example: route print
  • Flags:
    • -4 - Show only IPv4 routes.
    • -6 - Show only IPv6 routes.